TargetRx Atlas

MRNA basic information

  • mRNA ID:ENST00000367468
  • Gene Name:PTGS2
  • mRNA database:Ensembl
  • mRNA expression :down-regulated
  • mRNA Method:RT-PCR
  • mRNA Pathway:NF-κB pathway
  • Evidence:validated
  • (mRNA-drug)

Drug basic information

  • Drug ID:NA
  • Drug Name:Gaillardin
  • Drug Method:down-regulated the gene expression

Disease basic infommation

  • Disease:cancer
  • Tissue:cell line MKN45 and AGS

Other information

  • Title:Gaillardin, a potent sesquiterpene lactone induces apoptosis via down-regulation of NF-κβ in gastric cancer cells, AGS and MKN45
  • Journal:Journal of Ethnopharmacology
  • Published:2021
  • PubMed ID:34418511
  • Abstract:Aim of the study:Gaillardin, a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Inula oculus-christi, seems to have great potential as an anti-cancer agent. This study was carried out to evaluate the anti-cancer properties of Gaillardin in gastric cancer cells and also its possible underlying mechanism. Methods:The colorimetric MTT assay was used to assess metabolic activity of cells as an indicator of viability and cytotoxicity. Flow cytometry using Annexin V-FITC/PI was applied to detect and quantify the level of apoptosis. Detection of activated caspase-3, as a biochemical marker of apoptosis, was done using caspase-3 assay kit. Activation of NF-κB pathway was determined by western blotting. The mRNA expression levels of NF-κB target genes were measured using quantitative RT-PCR. Moreover, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was evaluated. Results:Gaillardin significantly reduced cell viability in a time and dose-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of Gaillardin was attributed to induction of apoptosis. Investigation about the underlying mechanism revealed that Gaillardin exerts its action through inhibition of NF-κB activation and subsequently down-regulation of genes (COX-2, MMP-9, TWIST-1, and BCl-2) regulated by NF-κB. Moreover, Gaillardin caused remarkable elevation in ROS production in AGS and MKN45 cells. Conclusion:We provided evidences about the role of NF-κB pathway in the induction of apoptosis by the sesquiterpene lactone Gaillardin in AGS and MKN45 cells for the first time, which suggest Gaillardin could be considered as a promising natural agent for further investigations to identify new potent anticancer drugs in the future.
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